Grandma and Grandpa - My Grandfather, A Man of Respect :: Personal Narrative Profile

My Grandfather A Man of Respect             Winds scratch his hands          and his overhasty bones          deeply assert          their lineaments.           He stands like a          trembling leaf          on the branch          of an evergreen,          and will not fall.             (Emmanuel di Pasquale, Old Man Timochenko)   This stanza from Emmanuel di Pasquales poesy Old Man Timochenko portrays my grandfather well. My grandfather is a man of respect because he never gave up on life, not even when his friends and family were burned existent on a train traveling from East Punjab to West Punjab during the partitio n of India and Pakistan in 1947. He immediately understood that emigration from this Hindu dominant sphere to a Muslim state was important for his familys safety, faith, and future. My grandfather was nineteen years old when he moved from Indias Punjab to Pakistans Punjab he was able to escape and obtain demonstrate passes from high authorities because his father was a wealthy landlord.   After three days, he arrived in the city of Lahore with his mother, three brothers, and one sister, but they were shocked when they byword small houses overburdened with people like fish in a tuna can. The biggest misfortune struck when they found out that they were not going to be fully compensated for all the property they had left behind. During this entire incident, my grandfather did not shed a single tear because he knew that this migration was his familys choice, and they had to pay a price for a better life. Throughout his life he valued one thing the most respect. In fa ct, he thought of it as a reversible equation you give respect and you get respect, and that is what he me throughout his lifetime.   My grandfather always taught me to respect people regardless of their religion, status, and color. He said that these atomic number 18 man-made boundaries and differences, and in order to socialize in this world, one must learn to accept people in all forms. For example, on the day of Eid-ul-Fitar, a religious day observed by Muslims, my grandfather would embrace his servants, wish them a happy and prosperous year ahead, and give them presents.

Rabies :: essays research papers

Rabies     What is Rabies? Who coheres Rabies? Rabies is a viral disease of humansand early(a) mammals. It is most common in carnivores. The word rabies comes fromthe word "hydrophobia", fear of water. Rabies is a potentially deadly disease.     There are more things you can do to prevent yourself from meetingrabies. The most important thing to do, is to be certain your pets have updatedvaccinations. Your pets can first get their vaccinations when they are 3months old. After that booster vaccinations must be given every one to threeyears according to your state and city laws. It also depends on the display case ofvaccination.     Most people associate rabies with dogs, cats, raccoons, skunks, wolves,etc. The most common animals to have rabies are dogs, cats, and raccoons.Rabies cases in cats have appearnumbered all different domestic animals every yearsince 1988. There was fifty-three percents increase in cat rabies between 1991-1992. Most of the cases with cats have been unvaccinated strays.     Even if your pets do not go outside, they should still be vaccinated.You cannot tell if you pet will accidentally get out or an infected animal willget in. Avoid close contact with any irrational animal. Never feed, handle, pet, ortake any wild animals in. Rabid animals will usually act in an abnormal way,have a foamy saliva around the mouth, and show a loss of hair or fur. If theanimal is nocturnal, it may be out during the day. Rabid animals are usuallyvery outgoing and aggressive.     To keep wildlife away from your home avoid leaving pet food outside, andkeep the lids on put away cans secure, or store them inside a garage or shed. Youcan prevent wildlife from your entering you home by sealing holes and screeningchimneys. If a wild animal does get in, do not touch it. Call your localanimal-control officer or humane society and let them remove it.&nbs p    The rabies virus can be transmitted in three different ways. These arethrough saliva, the bite of an infected animal, and by contact through the mucusmembranes, or breaks in the skin.     Symptoms develop in ten to fifty days after exposure to this virus.Symptoms in humans usually begin with depression, restlessness, fatigue, and afever. This is followed by a period of excitability, excessive salivation, andconvulsions, especially in throat spasms. The victim is unable to drinkalthough he or she is extremely thirsty. Death from paralysis and suffocationfollows within ten days. Once the symptoms of rabies have appeared, there is nopossible treatment for the disease.

Fosters Accounting Assignment :: essays research papers

I.EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.Founded in 1888, Fosters group is the result of a long history of amalgamations. Nowadays, regarded as a agio global multi-beverages association, Fosters group possesses three main operating arms Beringer Blass Wine Estate, Carlton and United Beverages, Fosters Brewing International. The group delivers exchange premium branded beers, wine spirits and entertainment products. With US$5.2 billion in total operating revenue, Fosters groups operates in Australia, upstart Zealand, China, California, Italy, Chile, Vietnam, India and Fiji. Besides, its products are sold in over 150 countries around the world.The report has analyzed the financial performance and financial stability of Fosters assort over a three years period that is from 2002 to 2004 included.The Ratio Analysis technique was used to conduct the report. Therefore, comparison with industry averages and Coca Cola Amatil supplemented the summary to complement the results.In 2002, it was found that profit ability had increased significantly compared to 2001, this was mainly out-of-pocket to Fosters group policy in expending its dispersal and sales worldwide and Forsters European partnership which increased its income.However, 2003 showed smaller profitability than 2002 mainly due to a non profitable foreign exchange rate, uncollectible competition in California, adverse trading conditions in the US and the impact of global events restricting travels, tourism and leisure activities (Swan, 2003 5). Fosters group did still generate greater amount of operating cash flows, and made a considerable amount of acquisitions.In 2004, Profitability ratios did however increase but that was due to the selling off of ALH (Australia Leisure Hospitality) that generated $1.5 billion, Excluding the impact of significant items, net profit after tax was $469.4 million, a decrease of 17.4% over the previous years result (Fosters Audit, 200461).On the three year basis, when compared to the industry ave rages, the stability ratios are in truth lower, but when they are compared to Coca Cola Amatil the ratios are actually similar and even a bit higher. Due to the accumulation of consistent profits over the years, both companies do not need as much financial leverage as other companies would, which reflects the stability of the company. In fact, those companies rely more on equity than debt to generate their assets.Overall, Fosters group is a relatively stable and performing enterprise. The results show that Fosters performance and stability have moved in accordance to outside world events. However, the company continues to maintain its position as a leading group in the beverages industry.II.QUALITY, SCOPE, USEFULNESS,FORMAT AND READABILITY OF THE MOST RECENT ANNUAL REPORT.

Lincoln Electric Case Study :: GCSE Business Management BTEC Coursework

Lincoln Electric Case StudyThe Lincoln Electric Company is the worlds largest manufacturer of arc welding products and a leading producer of industrial electric motors. Their key competency is achieving higher worker productivity. Every year the association has seen high profits and bonuses. Employee morale and productivity remains very good and employees are very loyal to the company. The company also puts customers goals as top priority. face StructureThis is a very organic organization. They do non have a formal organization chart in this company because they want to retard maximum flexibility. They have an open-door policy in which employees take fusss to the people that are most capable of solving them. Routine supervision is almost nonexistent. Lincoln has a fairly flat organization in which there are usually two or three levels of supervision between production workers and the president. Employees are evaluated on quality, dependability, ideas and cooperation, and output. They also have great job security, while also being able to participate in decision-making.Problem identificationLincoln Electric does not really seem to have any big problems in their current operations while working under an organic structure, but one problem seems to be the lack of attention that the stockholders get. At Lincoln, the stockholders are given last priority. The whole philosophy behind this is that they think that it will be more remunerative than investing money in any other way.Alternatives consideredAlternatives for this company is to work towards making some of their activities mechanistic while harbouring some functions organic. The other alternative is to keep the company going as is with no change. If there is no problem to be fixed, than dont try fixing it, since it will will in more problems. Once some Harvard Business School researchers made up an organization chart for the company and the management felt that it had a churning effect. O ne big item that they want to consider is to pay a little more attention to the stockholders, which are financing the company. Alternatives selected and rationaleThe alternative selected is to keep the company going like it is with the organic structure.

Impact of Self Esteem on Daily Life Essay -- Confidence

This paper is about the impact of self-esteem on daily life. The to a greater extent negative thoughts and feelings you have about yourself, the lower your self-esteem. inviolable deal with low self-esteem often have little confidence in their abilities and question their self-worth. A common scenario, which exemplifies a lack of self-esteem, features college students who say, It wont do any good to study. I wont make a good grade anyway. These students think they argon doomed to failure because of poor effect in the past or their ongoing fears of failure. Consequently, their lack of self-confidence results in passivity with little or no effort to establish goals. Even when they do make worthwhile accomplishments, these students perceive that the performance of other students looks better in comparison. They let evets happen to them instead of making them happen and minimize their successes. As a result, these students feel little control everywhere their lives and often find it difficult to set goals and develop close personal relationships.On the other hand, high self-esteem consists of the positive thoughts and feelings you have about yourself. In addition, it affects how you think, act, and feel about others, as well as how successful you are in life. The acquisition of high self-esteem involves you becoming the person you want to be, enjoying others more fully, and offering more of yourself to the world. High self-esteem is not competitive or comparative, but rather it is the state where a person is at peace with himself or herself.Self-esteem is the value we place on what we believe to be genuine about ourselves. Put simply, our self-esteem is how we feel about ourselves. Its an emotion we hold true about ourselves. People with high self-esteem consider themselves worthy, and view themselves as equal to others. They do not pretend to be perfect, recognize their limitations, and expect to rise up and improve. Those low in self-esteem generally exp erience self-rejection, self-dissatisfaction, self-contempt, and self-disparagement. We all have an inner child and the wounds our inner child received can and do conduct to contaminate our adult lives. Our parents helped create this inner child part of us, society also helped with the creation. When this child self is not allowed to be heard or even acknowledged as being real, a false or co-dependent self emerges. We begin... ... self-concept, and that it is either positive or negative all of the time. You have many self-images, and they qualify from moment to moment. If you were asked, Do you like yourself? you might be inclined to lump all of your negative self-thoughts together into a collective NO. Breaking floor the areas of dislike into specifics will give you definite goals to work on. You have feelings about yourself physically, intellectually, socially and emotionally. You have an opinion about your abilities in music, athletics, art, mechanical undertakings, writing, and on and on. Your self-portraits are as numerous as your activities, and through all of these behaviors there is always YOU, the person that you either accept or reject. Your self-worth, that friendly ever-present-shadow--YOU EXIST--YOU ARE HUMAN. That is all you fatality Your worth is determined by you, and with no need for an explanation to anyone. Your worthiness, a given, has nothing to do with your behavior and feelings. You may not like your behavior in a given instance, but that has nothing to do with your self-worth. You can choose to be worthy to yourself forever, and then get on with the task of working on your self-images.

Impact of Self Esteem on Daily Life Essay -- Confidence

This paper is slightly the impact of egoism on daily life. The much negative thoughts and feelings you have about yourself, the lower your self-esteem. quite a little with low self-esteem often have little confidence in their abilities and question their self-worth. A common scenario, which exemplifies a lack of self-esteem, features college students who say, It wont do any good to study. I wont maintain a good grade anyway. These students think they are doomed to failure because of poor performance in the past or their current fears of failure. Consequently, their lack of government agency results in passivity with little or no effort to establish goals. Even when they do make worthwhile accomplishments, these students perceive that the performance of other students looks crack in comparison. They let events happen to them instead of making them happen and minimize their successes. As a result, these students feel little control over their lives and often get word it diffic ult to set goals and develop close personal relationships.On the other hand, high self-esteem consists of the positive thoughts and feelings you have about yourself. In addition, it affects how you think, act, and feel about others, as well as how successful you are in life. The acquisition of high self-esteem involves you becoming the person you want to be, enjoying others more fully, and offering more of yourself to the world. High self-esteem is not competitive or comparative, but rather it is the state where a person is at peace with himself or herself.Self-esteem is the quantify we place on what we believe to be true about ourselves. Put simply, our self-esteem is how we feel about ourselves. Its an emotion we hold true about ourselves. People with high self-esteem consider themselves worthy, and view themselves as equal to others. They do not pretend to be perfect, recognize their limitations, and expect to grow and improve. Those low in self-esteem generally experience self- rejection, self-dissatisfaction, self-contempt, and self-disparagement. We all have an inner child and the wounds our inner child received can and do continue to contaminate our large lives. Our parents helped create this inner child part of us, society also helped with the creation. When this child self is not allowed to be heard or even acknowledged as being real, a false or co-dependent self emerges. We begin... ... self-concept, and that it is either positive or negative all of the time. You have many self-images, and they vary from moment to moment. If you were asked, Do you like yourself? you might be inclined to lump all of your negative self-thoughts together into a collective NO. Breaking down the areas of dislike into specifics go away give you definite goals to work on. You have feelings about yourself physically, intellectually, socially and emotionally. You have an opinion about your abilities in music, athletics, art, mechanical undertakings, writing, and on and on. Your self-portraits are as legion(predicate) as your activities, and through all of these behaviors there is always YOU, the person that you either accept or reject. Your self-worth, that friendly ever-present-shadow--YOU EXIST--YOU ARE HUMAN. That is all you need Your worth is inflexible by you, and with no need for an explanation to anyone. Your worthiness, a prone, has nothing to do with your behavior and feelings. You may not like your behavior in a given instance, but that has nothing to do with your self-worth. You can choose to be worthy to yourself forever, and then get on with the task of working on your self-images.

Limiting the Use of Technology

Over the past several old age technology has advanced signifi elicittly. straight off virtually e actu all(prenominal)ything we use is d unrivalled by some form of technology. Several years ago, we didnt withal have cellphones or the Internet, now we have cellphones that can access the Internet. This generation has become so dependent with technology that it is really beginning to harm most us, not help us. So this leads us to debate one should limit his or her use of technology because it could cause addiction, loss of eon management, and invaded privacy. Technologies, such as cellphones, Internet, and video games have lead many to be addicted.Because we use cellphones e very(prenominal)day we become dependent on them and use them constantly. Now, when one loses his or her cellphone one gets paranoid and feels as if there is no to a greater extent hope or life because he or she is so addicted to it. An different sign of addiction would be driving while on the phone. in that respect have been so many cases of people driving while texting or talking on their phone that have caused accidents and deaths. One may see this when a person is a businessman and is constantly on calls, he or she will not put ones phone down because that person is to a fault addicted.Businessmen withal bring their work home, they would be eating dinner and they would still cut their calls. Obsession could also lead to contently buying items off the Internet or even buying money to play certain games such as, Farmville. Addiction can cause many problems for a person such as, obsession, and the loss of focus towards give instruction and ones job. When a person becomes obsessed over technology such as video games, they soon consume ones life. People find video games exciting as well fun, but what they do not know is that when they continually play them, they can be easily addicted an obsessed with them.Many people waste their lives past just sitting in front of their television compete video games all day and night. Technology can also be a occurring misdirection for many and this can cause many problems. The Internet is one of the many forms of technology we use on a day-to-day basis, and it can be very helpful or very distracting. When we become distracted with the Internet we loose all other priorities that need to be done such as our schoolwork, job, or even children. This is one of the many reasons why we should limit ourselves to the use of technology. By limiting ourselves we atomic exit 18 saving ourselves from becoming addicted and obsessed.Secondly, we may end up losing our discipline in duration management and cause problems in our lives. When we do not watch how we make use with our era, we can lose track of what necessarily to be done. Time management is an important factor in our lives and when we lose sight on that we may end up forgetting important tasks. Video games are one of the many technologies we use most of our judgment of c onviction doing and keep us from doing our work. Teenagers these days have gotten bad grades and failed classes because they spend too much cartridge clip playing video games and not much time on their schoolwork.We also end up losing time we could be spending working on our career. Instead of grammatical construction up our career we tend to waste that time on the Internet or video games. When technologies such as video games or the Internet take the place of schoolwork or our career, we lose all discipline in time management. People who do not have a good time management also will tend to lose friends they distance themselves by constantly being on the computer or video game. No one wants a person as a friend if all he or she does is play video games and nothing else.When people are losing friends because they are unceasingly playing on the computer or video games, we know something must not be healthy. Time management is one of the biggest problems we face when technology is i n our day-to-day focus and priority. We also tend to stay inside all day on the Internet or playing video games, and this consumes all the time we could be using for bulge outdoor exercise and fitness. People can become sick because they are not getting enough exercise through out the day they become lazy and procrastinate.Staring at a screen is not healthy for your body mentally and physically it affects your brain and your physical well-being. When our brain absorbs too much ultra violet rays it actually affects our imagination and thought process, and when we sit in front of a screen for a certain amount of time we can actually gain wait and become unhealthy. This is second reason as to why we should limit our use of technologies they can easily become our number one priorities in life and can ruin a possible future or career. Lastly, since technology has advanced within the last couple of years it has become less private.The more time you put into updating statuses, uploading p ictures, and talking to people on line, the more of your personal life will appear all over the world wide web. Every little thing we do online has become less and less safe and private, when we spend so much time on the computer we could end up putting material up we never intended everyone in the world to see. When we spend too much time on sites such as Facebook we become more susceptible to invasion of our privacy, this is when situations can get dangerous.Since the advancement of technology people can hack into other peoples computers and steal passwords and private information we contain. There are so many bad guys out there that when we are so into whatever we are doing online we lose all common sense in safety and privacy. Once people put their information on the Internet there is no way of taking it off, so the criminals could easily find them. Another example would be the use of E-bay so many people use this constantly and actually are losing money. There are a lot of peo ple out there that will scam you and take your money such as direct fake checks and such.We need to be more careful when we do business over the Internet, its not safe. This is very dangerous, so how you spend and limit your time on such technologies is important for ones safety as well as anothers. Looking back about 10 years ago when they didnt have video games, high speed Internet, or cellphones with good connection life was much safer and healthier. People were always outside and when they wanted to talk to somebody they would go to them and would have an actual conversation face to face. Nowadays we stay connected with people over the Internet and build relationships online.We have become very lazy in our daily living. If we didnt spend so much time using the Internet, phone, video game, or television, we wouldnt have to deal with most of the problems that are occurring now, such as theft, tiredness, laziness, and obesity. Some of the causes of these problems would be addictio n, loss of time management, and invasion of privacy. Technology, nowadays have become the main source of most of our crimes, problems, and accidents. By limiting our use of these technologies we limit the problems that will potentially occur.

Phineas Gage

Phineas Gage Paper The head teacher plays a significant section in cognitive functioning. The human brain is make up of various structures, and each of these structures is obligated for specific cognitive functions. Scientists and psychologists have conducted many studies and experiments in an effort to pin raze which brain structures are responsible for real cognitive functions. In the past, technology was quite limited which left few options for studying the human brain. The only way to study the brain at this point in time was to perform studies on subjects that were already deceased.While this did help shed some light on cognitive functioning there were silent many unanswered questions and misunderstandings about the brain and its functions. One expositicular case that has been linked to the brains role in cognition is that of Phineas Gage. Gage suffered a traumatic brain injury which altered his original cognitive functioning abilities. The case of Phineas Gage has left a lasting mark on the world of cognitive psychology and has been used as a prime example of how the brain affects cognitive functioning. Cognitive FunctioningThe cerebral cortex is divided into four lobes as surface as into left and right hemispheres. Martinez (2010, pp. 237) states that, The cerebral cortex is the anatomical origin of the minds higher-order functionsreasoning, intelligence, creativity, and problem-solvingas well as the coordination of sensory input and labor control that helps us relate skillfully to our environments. By segregating each structure of the cerebral cortex a greater understanding is achieved as to which section is responsible for certain cognitive functions.One important discovery was that the left and right hemisphere of the brain actually process information differently. Phineas Gages vivification Changing Accident Phineas Gages life changing accident took place in the year of 1848. Gage worked on a railroad plait crew. When the accident occurre d, Gage was using a tamping iron to fill holes in the ground with gunpowder. Doing so would allow space for the new railroad to be laid. alas for Phineas Gage, an un judge explosion occurred which sent the tamping iron straight through his skull. The tamping iron entered through Gages left heek bone and exited through the top of his skull. astonishingly enough, Gage was conscious and able to walk just a few minutes after the accident took place. Due to the massive wounds, Phineas Gage was not expected to survive when he arrived to a local physician named John Martin Harlow. Harlow had to remove small bone fragments from the wound and then closed the primary wound on the top of Gages head using adhesive straps and a wet compress. This allowed the wound to drain. Gage was never surgically treated for his wounds. Gage suffered threesome major injuries as a result of his accident.Despite the extremely traumatic injuries that Gage sustained from his accident, he was able to recover an d by 1849 Gage was stellar(a) a seemingly normal life. However, shortly after Gages recovery those closest to him began noticing dramatic changes in his overall demeanor. His wife and family members noted a significant change in his personality. Harlow also noticed changes in spite of appearance Gages personality. Harlow was allowed to examine Gages body a few geezerhood after his death. By examining Gages brain and skull Harlow was able to determine what structures of the brain were harmed by the accident.This allowed Harlow to make connections between Gages change in behavior prior to and after the accident. He was able to estimate from the skull that vilify had occurred mainly to the left anterior part of the frontal lobes, including the orbitofrontal cortex (Wickens, 2005, p. 160). This type of damage seemed to lead to inappropriate behaviors and a loss of social inhibitions, which were not apparent prior to the accident (Deakin University, 2010). Harlows observations allowe d him to write several publications which became very significant within the field of psychology.His publications were aimed towards uncovering that damage to certain areas of the brain can result in dysfunctions within the cognitive system. Gage sustained the most damage to the orbitofrontal cortex. This part of the brain is believed to play a role in emotional behavior and decision making processes, which is likely why Gage experienced such a significant change in behavior after the accident. Gages accident is significant because it enabled psychologists and scientists to associate that the frontal lobes are essential to cognitive and emotional self-regulation (Martinez, 2010, p. 46). Conclusion Cognitive functioning is attributed primarily to the inner workings of the human brain. The major structures that make up the brain each play an exclusive role in certain cognitive functions. The discoveries made by studying Gages brain injuries and the effect that they had on his behavio r and personality has made a lasting impression on the field of psychology. Gages accident led to many new theories and studies to uncover how brain injuries and illnesses could affect cognitive functioning.Without a proper understanding of the brain and its crucial role in behavior and mental processes it would be impossible to comprehend the various cognitive functions that exist. References Deakin University. (2010). Phineas Gages Story. Psychology Phineas Gage Information. Retrieved June 18, 2011 from http//www. deakin. edu. au/hmnbs/psychology/gagepage/Pgstory. php Martinez, M. , E. (2010). Learning and cognition The design of the mind. Upper Saddle River, NJ Pearson Education Inc. Wickens, A. , P. (2005). Foundation of biopsychology. (2nd ed. ). New York, NY Pearson & Prentice entrance hall Inc.

A Healthy Family: Questionnaire

What types of drinks do you usually have during the day and night? I depart usually have one bottle of soda half modality through the day. The rest of the day is water. How often does your family pull ink dental c ar? My children and I visit the dentist every six months for a cleaning. My married man has cleanings every 3 months due to having soft dentition. How often do family ingredients have bowel movements? create? Me Varies but once every 2-3 days Husband Every morning after coffee parole 1 once every 1-2 days Son 2 every2-3 days Daughter 2-3 times a day every except Son2, urinate every few hours throughout the day and we are able to go 8 hours at night. Son 2 has a bladder like a horse and does not urinate nearly as often. Are laxatives used in your family? Explain. We do not use stimulant laxatives very often, but on causation Son2 will need pedialax. Mostly we just now make it a head word to eat a high fiber diet and drink business deal of fluids to stay regular. H ow does your family relax? Relaxation starts with me and my married man on one couch and the kids the otherwise couch. During this time we are usually reading, writing, playing grittys or watching TV.Within an hour or two everyone migrates to the couch were my husband and I are sitting and squishes their way in. By this time I have realized that relaxation time is all over and I go find some topic else to do. What does your family do for enjoyment? Mostly we just like to be outside keeping active. Some of our favorite activities are bike riding, hiking, baseball and hockey. When does your family generally go to bed and awaken? Do family member go to bed and awaken at different times? The children start to prepare for bed at 800pm by changing into Pjs brushing teeth and getting in their last glass of water or snack before bed.By 830pm they are in bed and they are allowed to read until they pickpocket asleep, no more than 30 minutes though. My husband stays up until 10 and I will usually stay up until about 1100pm. My husband gets up at 530am and leaves for work at 630. I wake up at 630 and start waking the children between 650 and 7 am. Do both family members work at night? No Are there any hearing or visual problems that affect your family members? Both my Husband and I are near sighted. I require glasses on a daily bases, but my husband only needs them for long drives when his eyes get tired.Son2 seems to have an issue with tracking, but testing is still being done. Does pain seem to be a family problem? Explain how this is managed? Son2 and I both suffer from migraines. This is managed by taking Exedrine for me or Tylenol for him and going into a dark room to rest. Who makes the major family decisions? How? All major Family decisions are discussed between any members they involve and a decision is usually agreed upon. If a no agreement is made then it is up to me to make the decision. puff the highest education level of all family members? Me PN certi ficate Husband Associates degreeSon1 5th grade Son2 1st grade Daughter 1st grade Describe the general mood of your family? We are generally happy and relaxed people. We like to take life as it comes and we make it a point not to stress over the little things. How does your family deal with change? Like most families there is an adjustment flow rate whenever things change, but we all seem to handle it well. My husband and I refine to keep the kids informed of any changes so they know what to expect. Explain your family responsibilities for house hold chores? Each child has a list of six chores in which they are responsible for every day.Each of their chores has a different degree of difficulty depending on their age. The chores can be small like put away your back pack, stoolpigeon and coat when you walk into the house or bigger chores for my 10 year old would include taking out the trash or emptying the dishwasher. My husband and I fill in the gaps of what the kids missed or are not old enough to do. Explain discipline in your family. How are family members rewarded? Describe any aggression or violence that occurs in your family. I am the one that disciplines the children and decides on punishments.A punishment usually includes me revoking privileges or sending them to their room for a period of time. Spankings are not out of the question in my base of operations, but they almost never used or needed. Family members are reward with praise and on occasion a special treat like a movie night or ice cream. The only aggression or violence you will see in my home are my children fighting. I usually let them work it out, but if they are hurting to each one other or the argument is long-lasting too long I will step in. Are contraceptives used? Yes Are parents comfortable answering questions and explaining topics related to sexuality to their children?Yes I discuss these thing with my children separately because they are all different ages they require a differen t degree of explanation. How does your family cope with major stressors? When we are stressed we just like tranquillity time to think or relax. I often warn people when I come in the door if my day was not good and I just need a few quiet minutes to distress before being asked 100 questions. Who copes with stress the best? That would have to be my husband. He just takes everything as it is and doesnt really let anything bother him. What does your family want from life?Thats an easy one, to be happy. We dont have a big house or fancy cars and it is not because we could not afford them if we needed them. We have tried having both parents work full time and we had plenty of money and much nicer cars, but we were always tired and we never spent any time together. We have found that we prefer to work slight, have less and spend more time together. That is what makes us happy. What rules do your family hold most important? The one rule that we hold most import in our home is to show res pect to everyone. Describe what your family does to try to stay healthy.To try to stay healthy we have a few simple rules in our house. For nutrition you essential try everything on your plate before you are done eating. It does not matter if they are carrots and you know that you dont like them, taste buds change, so maybe you will like them today. Deserts are rare in my house, but when they are offered you are not eligible for dessert unless you finish your dinner, including the vegetables. For arrange we do not have a formal routine, but we encourage outdoor activities as much and as often as possible. Television and game time is limited to one hour per day in our home and the time must be earned.The children receive a ten minute token(prenominal) for each chore that they complete and they can cash their tokens in after there home work has been completed. From whom does your family seek health safeguard? When? My family seeks health care from our family doctors office. We rec eive our well care physicals each year and any immunization due at that time. We will also seek health care if we have an illness that does not clear up with in a week. We have very few visits to the doctors office each year because most illnesses can be treated at home with rest and fluids.

Fahrenheit 451 Equality Essay

Why is equality out(predicate)? In twain Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury and Harrison Bergeron by Kurt Vonnegut, the regimes testify to suppress freedom by calling it equality. Both the characters, Guy Montag and Harrison Bergeron accentuate to oppose their authoritiess idea of equality. They show that there pull up stakes forever and a day be unmarrieds who heighten, are not the same, and try to start their testify conjunction to fight against the government. In these readings, both authors, Bradbury and Vonnegut, suggest that equality is unattainable because there will constantly be individuals that challenge the idea of quite a little being the same in everyway possible. level as the government concealed knowledge in both readings, individuals rebelled in order to beget knowledge. Harrison Bergeron challenged the government, all while he wore a tremendous pair of earph hotshots that mentally handicaps intelligent nation. Nonetheless he refused to sit silent and liv e his life like everyone else in the world. Instead he wanted to be emperor of the world and fought until his death trying to achieve his vision. Harrison proclaims on television, I am the emperor Do you hear?I am the emperor Even as I stand here crippled, hobbled, sickened- I am a greater ruler than any man who ever lived (Vonnegut 3). Despite the point that Harrison is only fourteen years old and carried three hundred pounds, he rebelled against the government on account that he loathed the world he currently is in. This shows that even if the government forces people into being equal, people will rise up and rebel against them. In Fahrenheit 451, Guy Montag also rebelled against his government. He was not allowed to read or owned books since it was against the law.Knowing this, Guy still rebelled by smuggling books base of operations from his fireman job. Bradbury writes, Without looking at the book, Guy dropped it to the floor He kept moving his hand and dropping books on th e floorWhen he was done he looked pee upon some twenty books lying at his wifes feet (65-66). Though Guy was a fireman and books for a living, he began to doubt and rebel against his governments idea of equality. As the government burnt books, citizens that normally obeyed the law began to rebel against it and collected books.This shows that even people who enforce the law might rebel against it, if they begin the doubt it. No matter how hard the governments try to suppress knowledge, everyday citizens who want knowledge will find a way to obtain it. Even in the world where everyone is allegedly equal, there will be people that are above others. In Harrison Bergeron, everyone in the world is the same, no one is prettier than anyone else and no one is smarter than anyone else. This is untrue because Diana Moon Glampers, the United States Handicap General, is able kill people.Vonnegut writes, Diana Moon Glampers, the Handicap General, came into the studio with a double- barreled te n-gauge shotgun. She fired twice, and the emperor moth and the Empress were dead in front they hit the floor (Vonnegut 4). Even though everyone is supposedly equal, the Handicap General has much power than everyone else. She holds the power of life and death in her hands because she is not the same as the other citizens. This shows that there will always be someone that has more power than the rest thus proving that people will never be perfectly equal.In Fahrenheit 451, the government prevents any person to possess more intelligence than the rest of the population. People who try to gain more knowledge through books are sent to an asylum and their books are burnt to the ground. Montag asks, I-Ive been thinking. About the fire last week. About the man whose depository library we fixed. What happened to him? Beatty answers They took him screaming off to the asylum (Bradbury 33). When people try to learn more than others, the government makes sure that they are removed so that no one is smarter than anyone else.Even though they send people in possession of books to an asylum, it does not stop people who want to obtain knowledge from collecting books. This shows that no matter how very much the government tries to enforce equality, there will be people that strive to obtain knowledge. No matter how much censorship is used to make everyone the same, accredited individuals will always have more knowledge and power than others. As people disagreed with the governments idea of equality, they band together and form their own society.In Harrsion Bergeron, Harrison Burgeron wanted to start his own empire. He disagreed with the current government and wanted to rule the world. Harrison Bergeron states, I am the emperor I am a greater ruler than any man(Vonnegut 3). This shows that Harrison Burgeron wants to create his own world. He opposes the governments law and plans on creating a different society before he was shot down. Harrsison Bergeron shows that even in th e most controlled world, humans who want difference will try to make their own world.When Guy Montag ran away from the society he knew, he encountered a group of people that opposed the way the government works. This group thought that books and knowledge are important unlike the government. farmer says, Well pass the books on to our children, by word of mouth, and let our children wait, in turn, on the other people (Bradbury 153). Granger and his group felt that books are important and that individual knowledge is more important than everyone being perfectly equal. They thought that the world is not ready for their knowledge.By having their own group with different ideas from the governments, they have started a society where people can appreciate books instead of burning them. They have created a society that directly contradicts what he government is trying to accomplish. When people do not agree with the government, they will band together and form a society hoping to overthrow the law. Equality is an unachievable idea due to the fact that there are people who will rebel, be smarter or more powerful than others, and people that band together to form their own ideal society.The more a government forces their citizens to be equal, the more likely people will oppose what the government is doing. In both Harrison Bergeron and Fahrenheit 451, the government tries to censor the gist of freedom and knowledge every individual has, by calling it equality, but people had still rebelled against the government. Both stories show that equality is a truly impossible because certain individuals will always challenge what equality truly is.

Marketing Plan Proposal Essay

I pass on develop a marketing plan for my companys new product, the Walker Photo Display & transshipment center Solutions product I forget introduce on the global market next year sometime. The Walker Photo Display & Storage Solutions product will bothow any kind of unaffixed photographs to be easily pageanted in a collage format on any bare beleaguer anywhere. It will include a divided safe storage box designed to protect loose photographs from damaging light, chemicals and rough handling to name a a couple of(prenominal) things I think my target audience is teenage boys and girls, male & female college students, educators, homemakers, business owners, retired folk, hobbyists, collectors and basically anyone that has a need and desire to do something with the piles of loose photographs we all have laying around the houseI will directly market to pre-teen and teenage kids, college students and their faculty members, housewives and husbands, law enforcement, real estate, the e ntertainment industry, businesses and legion(predicate) other identified and yet to be identified markets I have perceived there was a need to create something specific, simple, durable, easy to use, inexpensive, customizable and practical to boast and store all the loose photographs I had laying around and the ones I saw elsewhere laying around, unseen, decomposing and being neglected. I had taped loose photographed to my wall on occasion in a sort of collage formation, but it looked kind of cheesy, so I felt I could create something cool to display and store them inAfter a few years of random surveys with various people from all walks of life, I found my experience to be correct, that there was indeed a genuine need for my invention, and it appeared there was a vast global market for it Creating this product so it can be easily ordered, customized and received will be a bit of a challenge, but one that I believe is well worth taking. I am very passionate about my new product th at will be distributed from my new company, DoakUnlimited.llc. So, it is my intention to solve the decades old question & dilemma of what to do with all the millions and millions of loose photographs lying around in drawers, shoeboxes and elsewhere

Edition Chapter

School of Economics Summary The case lists out the dilemma that Western Retail outlets (such as Wall-Mart, Careful and others) award as they enter Asian markets. The case builds on the notion that these retail outlets are not able to build on the premise of cultural differences and hence they cannot adapt themselves to the demographics of the local markets.The paper puts forth the frame march which emphasizes of the Importance of adapting to the needs of Aslant consumers on part of these large retailers. The paper Is a culmination of work done on large retailers over a span of six years. The researcher has deviated from the traditional methods of selective information collection and has traveled wide and far for data collection, this has allowed the paper to develop a wider frame of reference and have a cross-sectional analysis across countries.The approach to the paper is ethnographic and real-life scenarios have been issued to chivy the happenings in daily life. From the researc hers point of view, the customers obvious needs are kept in accordance with their unspoken needs and wants. The method used results in a more In depth understanding of culture and the resulting buying processes which are otherwise not comprehensible. The paper elects the hypermarket structure being followed In Asia and sets out by explaining the structures of stores such as ART-Marti Tests and Careful which have.

John milton

When I consider how my light is fagged, and How Soon Hath metre, the poet refers to his blindness and the use of time. From the stopping point of his infant son, to the death of his wife, buck to Milton becoming blind, surprisingly, he had yet to let these obstacles stop him from being the atrocious redeemr/Poet we was. When I considered how my light is spent, is a sonnet referring to his blindness nd his secret obsession with time.Towards the end of this sonnet he questions his God as to why Miltons sensation giving (line 3) was taken from him (his sight) and how it is possible to serve God with his blindness. Milton knows that he is talented, though my Soul more bent to serve therewith my Maker, and testify my true account, lest he returning chide (lines 4-6) his soul desires bent to use his skills in the service of his Maker, God, only doesnt know how to deal with it And that one talent which is death to hide (line 3). It is humourous because here is a man who is incred ibly talented, et isnt able to use his talents.Because its Lodged with me useless, though my soul more bent, where he almost bluffly states that he knows he has an amazing talent, which is his astounding ability to write amazing verse forms and such writings. He does consider his blindness briefly in the poem, but victorious Miltons work so literally as to suppose that his blindness was all that he was talking somewhat doesnt give credit to Miltons completely abstract conceiveing nor his depth of misgiving holy literature. ( Georgii ). The start of the poem goes smooth as he tells the reader is view of being blind.Then midstream the poem he slips into the conversation about god as his maker and how Milton is supposed to serve God in his blind state. He refers to Light, which is also referred to in the bible. He attempts to describe mans consanguinity with god. I study he is referring to light in the form of which the Nazarene speaks of light when quoting the Bible (all form s) Jesus says, and no one would light a lamp and en due it under a clay pot. A lamp is placed on a lampstand, where it can give light to everyone in the house. Matthew 515Contemperary English Version) Jesus proceeded here to take them that the very reason why they were enlightened was that others might also see the light, and be benefited by it.When people light a candle, they do not control the light, but place it where it may be of use. So it is with religion. It is given that we may benefit others. It is not to be obscure, but suffered to show itself, and to couch light on a surrounding wicked world (Barnes). In the scripture it also says For there is nothing hidden that will not be disclosed, and nothing concealed that ill not be known or brought out into the open. (Luke 817). As I am still referring to Miltons Light. His talent is nothing to hide, but feels as though, due to his loss of sight. Because he can no longer see light he is forced to see in another way. front his blindness does not attect ni ty to write, but it only makes it more difficult but not impossible. The bible also states, The light of the clay is in the midriff thereof when thine fondness is single thy social unit body also is full of light but when thine eye is evil, thy body is full of darkness.If thy whole body therefore be full of light, having no part dark, the whole shall be full of light Here, eye does not literally mean eye in the whiz of seeing but in the sense of what is within a person. Solely speaking that Milton isnt necessarily an evil person but due to his own insecurities feels as though. Because of his dark world and wide, feels he has not yet seen the light. Milton claims his talent is useless, and by not using his talent to write an heroic poem, Milton thinks hes use it.In the Biblical story, a master gives servants oins (talents) to turn a profit on them when one servant buries the talent instead, the master chides him for not set it in the lodge and earning interest. The master is supposed to be God (web. ) So this chimes into lest He returning chide, that he wants his true account meaning he wants to be recognised for what hes worth. His One talent was far more than a biblical day-laborer could expect to earn. His state Is kingly thousands at His bidding speed, And post over land and maritime without rest They also serve who only stand and wait.Meaning that god is holy and bove all, because he created your talent he only serves those who wait. By the end of this poem he shows that he has learned the conclusion to his hidden talent which is not to sit and do nothing or wait without all effort or prolonging for what you want but Instead, hes trying to say that god only serves those who wait for better or remain faithful to his kingly name. piece of music this amazing epic poem stresses the fact that god is behind you, one of his other sonnets expresses otherwise, How soon hath time, talks about aging and how it happens so fas t.Hes meet turned 24 and everything is feeling like its going so fast. His life is excelling at a faster rate than hed like, and he Just wants to do enormous things with his life. I dont think he feels as hes done enough for where he is, even though he clearly has. At the end he calms down and takes a break. He says the heavens will lead him to where he should be. And he wants to use all of his talents God gave him, and use them to his full potential. My hasting days fly on wtih full career, besides my late spring no bud or blossom shewth. Perhaps my semblance might deceive the truth,John miltonWhen I consider how my light is spent, and How Soon Hath Time, the poet refers to his blindness and the use of time. From the death of his infant son, to the death of his wife, down to Milton becoming blind, surprisingly, he had yet to let these obstacles stop him from being the amazing writer/Poet we was. When I considered how my light is spent, is a sonnet referring to his blindness nd h is secret obsession with time.Towards the end of this sonnet he questions his God as to why Miltons one talent (line 3) was taken from him (his sight) and how it is possible to serve God with his blindness. Milton knows that he is talented, though my Soul more bent to serve therewith my Maker, and present my true account, lest he returning chide (lines 4-6) his soul desires bent to use his skills in the service of his Maker, God, but doesnt know how to deal with it And that one talent which is death to hide (line 3). It is ironic because here is a man who is incredibly talented, et isnt able to use his talents.Because its Lodged with me useless, though my soul more bent, where he almost bluntly states that he knows he has an amazing talent, which is his astounding ability to write amazing poems and such writings. He does consider his blindness briefly in the poem, but taking Miltons work so literally as to suppose that his blindness was all that he was talking about doesnt give cred it to Miltons completely abstract mentation nor his depth of understanding holy literature. ( Georgii ). The start of the poem goes smooth as he tells the reader is view of being blind.Then midstream the poem he slips into the conversation about god as his maker and how Milton is supposed to serve God in his blind state. He refers to Light, which is also referred to in the bible. He attempts to describe mans relationship with god. I believe he is referring to light in the form of which Jesus speaks of light when quoting the Bible (all forms) Jesus says, and no one would light a lamp and put it under a clay pot. A lamp is placed on a lampstand, where it can give light to everyone in the house. Matthew 515Contemperary English Version) Jesus proceeded here to show them that the very reason why they were enlightened was that others might also see the light, and be benefited by it.When people light a candle, they do not conceal the light, but place it where it may be of use. So it is wi th religion. It is given that we may benefit others. It is not to be concealed, but suffered to show itself, and to shed light on a surrounding wicked world (Barnes). In the scripture it also says For there is nothing hidden that will not be disclosed, and nothing concealed that ill not be known or brought out into the open. (Luke 817). As I am still referring to Miltons Light. His talent is nothing to hide, but feels as though, due to his loss of sight. Because he can no longer see light he is forced to see in another way. Fore his blindness does not attect ni ty to write, but it only makes it more difficult but not impossible. The bible also states, The light of the body is in the eye therefore when thine eye is single thy whole body also is full of light but when thine eye is evil, thy body is full of darkness.If thy whole body therefore be full of light, having no part dark, the whole shall be full of light Here, eye does not literally mean eye in the sense of seeing but in the sense of what is within a person. Solely speaking that Milton isnt necessarily an evil person but due to his own insecurities feels as though. Because of his dark world and wide, feels he has not yet seen the light. Milton claims his talent is useless, and by not using his talent to write an epic poem, Milton thinks hes wasting it.In the Biblical story, a master gives servants oins (talents) to turn a profit on them when one servant buries the talent instead, the master chides him for not putting it in the bank and earning interest. The master is supposed to be God (web. ) So this chimes into lest He returning chide, that he wants his true account meaning he wants to be recognized for what hes worth. His One talent was far more than a biblical day-laborer could expect to earn. His state Is kingly thousands at His bidding speed, And post oer land and ocean without rest They also serve who only stand and wait.Meaning that god is holy and bove all, because he created your talent he onl y serves those who wait. By the end of this poem he shows that he has learned the conclusion to his hidden talent which is not to sit and do nothing or wait without any effort or prolonging for what you want but Instead, hes trying to say that god only serves those who wait for better or remain faithful to his kingly name. While this amazing epic poem stresses the fact that god is behind you, one of his other sonnets expresses otherwise, How soon hath time, talks about aging and how it happens so fast.Hes Just turned 24 and everything is feeling like its going so fast. His life is excelling at a faster rate than hed like, and he Just wants to do great things with his life. I dont think he feels as hes done enough for where he is, even though he clearly has. At the end he calms down and takes a break. He says the heavens will lead him to where he should be. And he wants to use all of his talents God gave him, and use them to his full potential. My hasting days fly on wtih full career , But my late spring no bud or blossom shewth. Perhaps my semblance might deceive the truth,

An inspector calls Essay

After interpret an Inspector calls, I am certain it is obvious to any one who reads it that the inspector is not what he appears to be at all. At first you have no suspicions of the Inspector, just as the play moves on it slowly dawns on you that the Inspector powerfulness be an impostor. The inspector also has major impacts on some(prenominal) of the characters. He is Priestleys vehicle for his views on affable responsibility. He represends social conscience. He has moral dimension.The Inspectors name, Goole, has noted significance. body snatcher has the same sound and its meaning has a great bearing on the play. A Ghoul is an evil spirit To Birling, and his upper class peers this is an exact analysis of the Inspector. The thought of the Inspector being something frightful seems to be briefly confronted by Sheila but it is dismissed just as quickly. Another theory might be that the Inspector represents truth and is not a accredited person at all but just a representative of legal expert. I think that this is a very plausible idea and in all likelihood Priestleys own thought. He could be a spirit representing the future, the Birlings chance of repent, although n of all timetheless Eric and Sheila recognize this.They ar the only ones to realise that they have ruined this girls life and it could be their doings that sent her to this horrible end. The Inspector could also be as real as all the other characters in body and can eat and drink and is solid. I think that the inspector may have kaput(p) back in time or there might have been a time trip of some sort to make sure that these people new what they had done. I think there is a possibility that the Inspector could be Eva Smith and just goes back to haunt them. This maybe quite farther fetched by I would not rule it out completely, because if it were true and so it would explain everything.The main social occasion of the inspector is his forcing role, which he uses to overpower the other chara cters to lead to their secrets. He appears to the characters to be very rude at times, but this rudeness only adds to the factor at which he can interrogate the characters, and also provokes them admit to their wrongdoings, I know. I had her turned out of a job. I started it. Some characters take longer to grant their secrets than others. They try to hide, but cannot escape from the inspector. For example Mr. Birling, a very stubborn man, who, even when he confesses to hisconcealment, believes that it has nil to do with the death, and believes that he has nothing to do with it at all.Other characters like Sheila and Eric admit and dont try to hide it, and know that they had added to the tragic death of Eva Smith. They know that the inspector is right, and if they hadnt done what they did, then Eva Smith would still be alive. Sheila in particular is very guilty and gets very emotional. The inspector has pain with getting them all to admit themselves, Inspector, Ive told you befor e, I dont like your tone.I dont propose to give you much more rope however he knows they had something to do with it, and he knew exactly what that was as well. This may have helped him.The inspector makes his views on social responsibility clear. He believes that we are all responsible for one another and should act together as a community, back up those of us who are less fortunate. Ironically, Mr Birling has the opposite view to the inspector. When the inspector arrives he is discussing business with Gerald and says that he thinks you are responsible for yourself and your family only. Mr Birling is absolutely against the idea of communism. Priestley expresses his views on communism through the inspector demonstrating to the reader how important it is to care for others in your community.In conclusion I think that the Inspector is as real as every one else in the play but I think that he represents justice or truth and is a form of angel or something along those lines. The play can only be understood after it is closely reviewed. I am sure that there will unendingly be a sense of mystery about this play who was the inspector? What was the Inspector? Will we ever know? His role in the play is forcing to discover the characters terrible secrets and leave them with a lasting legal opinion as well as a lot to think about. Priestley has very strong views on social responsibility which are expressed through the inspector.

Abnormal Psychology Study Guide

Chapter 16 disposition roughnesss Slides, handouts, and answers keys created by Kargonn Clay Rhines, Ph. D. , Seton Hall University dismission 2 What is manpowertal Abnormality? What is nature? record is a unique and long-term pattern of inner experience and outward mien record tends to be consistent and is lots described in terms of traits These traits whitethorn be inherited, learned, or both constitution is too flexible, al brokening us to adapt to new environments For those with record unhealthinesss, however, that flexibility is ordinarily missing button 3 character discommodesWhat is a temper unhinge? A very sloshed pattern of inner experience and outward behavior This pattern is look atn in roughly interactions, differs from the experiences and behaviors usually expected, and continues for days release 4 Classifying nature Disorders A disposition indisposition is diagnosed only when it causes impairments in social or occupational functioning, or when it causes personal distress Personality deranges typi prefigurey become recognizable in adolescence or early adulthood . Generally, the affected person does non regard his or her behavior as hateful or problematicIt has been estimated that 9 to 13% of all adults may film a personality perturb Handout 5 Classifying Personality Disorders Classifying these bothers is difficult because little is kn have roughly their origins or development They atomic number 18 diagnosed on bloc II of the DSM-IV Handout 6 Classifying Personality Disorders Those diagnosed with personality disorders atomic number 18 often also diagnosed with an Axis I disorder This relationship is called comorbidity Axis II disorders my predispose volume to develop an Axis I disorder, or Axis I disorders may set the stage for Axis II disorders, or or so biologic condition may set the stage for bothWhatever the reason, research indicates that the presence of a personality disorder complicates and reduces a persons chances for a successful recovery Handout 8 Classifying Personality Disorders The various personality disorders overlap each former(a) so much that it deal be difficult to distinguish wizard from another The frequent lack of agreement between clinicians and diagnosticians has raised concerns about the validity and reliability of these categories Handout 10 Odd Personality Disorders quite a little with these disorders display behaviors similar to, alone not as extensive as, schizophreniaBehaviors include extreme suspiciousness, social withdrawal, and peculiar ways of thinking and perceiving things such(prenominal) behaviors leave the person isolated Some clinicians gestate that these disorders argon actually related to schizophrenia, and thus call them schizophrenia spectrum disorders Handout 11 Odd Personality Disorders Clinicians have learned much about the symptoms of left over(p) personality disorders but little about effective preaching for these disorders In fa ct, masses with these disorders r bely try on airinessment Handout 14 How Do Theorists justify Paranoid Personality Disorder?The proposed explanations of this disorder, like those of virtually other personality disorders, have received little systematic research Psychodynamic theorists trace the pattern confirm to early interactions with demanding p bents Cognitive theorists evoke that maladaptive self-reliances such as People argon evil and bequeath attack you if given the chance are to blame Biological theorists propose genetic causes and have looked at twin studies to support this model Handout 15 Treatments for Paranoid Personality Disorder People with paranoiac personality disorder do not typically see themselves as desireing helpFew come to treatment volitionally Those who are in treatment often distrust and rebel against their healers As a result, therapy for this disorder, as for most(prenominal) of the other personality disorders, has limited effect and moves slowly Handout 16 Treatments for Paranoid Personality Disorder Object relations therapists try to see past the patients anger and work on the underlying wish for a satisfying relationship Behavioral and cognitive therapists try to help clients concord anxiety and improve interpersonal skills Cognitive therapists also try to restructure clients maladaptive assumptions and interpretationsDrug therapy is generally ineffective Handout 17 Schizoid Personality Disorder This disorder is characterized by firm avoidance of social relationships and limited emotional expression Withdrawn and reclusive, volume with this disorder are not interested in relationships with others People with schizoid personality disorder focus mainly on themselves and are often seen as flat and cold The disorder is estimated to affect less than 1% of the population It is slimly more in all probability to occur in men than in women Handout 22 Schizotypal Personality DisorderThis disorder is characterized by odd (even bizarre) ways of thinking and perceiving, and behavioral eccentricities These symptoms may include ideas of reference and/or corporal illusions People with the disorder often have great difficulty keeping their attention foc utilize confabulation is typically digressive and vague Handout 23 Schizotypal Personality Disorder Socially withdrawn, people with this disorder seek isolation and have few friends This disorder is the most severe of the three in this crowd It has been estimated that 2 to 4% of all people (slightly more males than females) may have the disorderHandout 24 How Do Theorists Explain Schizotypal Personality Disorder? Because the symptoms of schizotypal personality disorder so often resemble those of schizophrenia, researchers have hypothesized that similar factors are at work in both disorders Schizotypal symptoms are often linked to poor family communication and to psychological disorders in parents Researchers have also begun to link schizotypal personal ity disorder to some of the same biological factors plunge in schizophrenia The disorder also has been linked to mood disorders Handout 27 Dramatic Personality DisordersThe behaviors of people with these disorders are so dramatic, emotional, or erratic that it is almost impossible for them to have relationships that are sincerely yours giving and satisfying These personality disorders are more commonly diagnosed than the others Only antisocial and borderline personality disorders have received much study The causes of the disorders are not well undersas welld Handout 28 Antisocial Personality Disorder Sometimes described as psychopaths or sociopaths, people with antisocial personality disorder persistently disregard and violate others rightsAside from substance-related disorders, this is the disorder most linked to adult criminal behavior The DSM-IV requires that a person be at least 18 years of age to receive this diagnosing Most people with an antisocial personality disorder dis played some patterns of misbehavior before they were 15 years old Handout 30 Antisocial Personality Disorder Surveys indicate that up to 3. 5% of people in the U. S. meet the criteria for this disorder Caucasians are somewhat more likely to be diagnosed than are African AmericansThe disorder is four times more common in men than women Because people with this disorder are often arrested, researchers frequently look for people with antisocial patterns in prison populations Studies also indicate high rates of alcoholism and other substance-related disorders among this group Handout 33 How Do Theorists Explain Antisocial Personality Disorder? The cognitive view says that people with the disorder hold attitudes that trivialize the importance of other peoples needs A number of studies suggest that biological factors may play a roleFindings suggest that people with antisocial personality disorder have lower levels of trait anxiety and arousal, leading them to be more likely than others t o take riskinesss and seek thrills Handout 34 Treatments for Antisocial Personality Disorder somewhat 25% of all people with antisocial personality disorder receive treatment for it, yet no treatment turn outs to be effective A major problem is the exclusives lack of scruples or desire to turn Most have been mandated to treatment Some cognitive therapists try to indicate clients to think about moral issues and the needs of other peopleHospitals have attempted to create therapeutic communities Generally, most of todays treatment approaches have little to no impact on the disorder Handout 35 Borderline Personality Disorder People with this disorder display great instability, including major shifts in mood, an unstable self-image, and impulsivity Interpersonal relationships also are unstable People with borderline personality disorder are prone to bouts of anger, which sometimes result in physical aggression and violence Just as often, however, they operate their impulsive ange r inward and harm themselvesHandout 37 Borderline Personality Disorder Almost 2% of the general population are thought to suffer from this disorder Close to 75% of those diagnosed are women The transmission line of the disorder varies In the most common pattern, the instability and risk of suicide reach a diadem during young adulthood and then gradually lessen with advancing age Handout 39 How Do Theorists Explain Borderline Personality Disorder? Some throws of the disorder also have been linked to biological abnormalities Sufferers who are particularly impulsive apparently have lower brain serotonin activityClose relatives of those with borderline personality disorder are five times more likely than the general population to have the disorder Some sociocultural theorists suggest that cases of borderline personality disorder are particularly likely to put out in cultures that change rapidly Handout 40 Treatments for Borderline Personality Disorder It appears that psychotherapy c an eventually lead to some compass point of improvement for people with this disorder It is not easy, though, for a therapist to strike a balance between empathizing with a patients dependency and anger and repugn his or her way of thinkingFurthermore, termination of therapy is often incredibly difficult Handout 42 Treatments for Borderline Personality Disorder Antidepressant, antibipolar, antianxiety, and antipsychotic drugs have helped some individuals to calm their emotional and aggressive storms Given the high risk of suicide attempts by these patients, their use of drugs on an outpatient basis is controversial Some patients have benefited from a combination of drug therapy and psychotherapy Handout 43 theatrical Personality DisorderPeople with histrionic personality disorder are extremely emotional and continually seek to be the center of attention They often engage in attention-getting behaviors Approval and praise are the lifeblood of these individuals People with histrio nic personality disorder are often described as vain, self-centered, and demanding Some make suicide attempts, often to manipulate others Handout 44 Histrionic Personality Disorder This disorder was once believed to be more common in women than in men However, research has revealed gender bias in past diagnosesThe latest statistics suggest that around 2% pct of adults have this personality disorder, with males and females equally affected Handout 46 How Do Theorists Explain Histrionic Personality Disorder? Cognitive theorists look at the lack of substance and the extreme suggestibility seen in people with the disorder Some propose that people with histrionic personality disorder hold a general assumption that they are helpless to care for themselves Sociocultural theorists believe the disorder is caused in part by companionships norms and expectationsThe vain, dramatic, and selfish behavior may be an exaggeration of femininity as defined by our culture Handout 47 Treatments for His trionic Personality Disorder Unlike people with most other personality disorders, those with histrionic personality disorder often seek treatment on their own on the job(p) with them can be difficult because of their demands, tantrums, seductiveness, and attempts to please the therapist Handout 49 Narcissistic Personality Disorder People with narcissistic personality disorder are generally grandiose, need much admiration, and feel no empathy for othersConvinced of their own great success, power, or beauty, they expect constant attention and admiration from those around them People with this disorder exaggerate their achievements and talents, and often appear arrogant Handout 50 Narcissistic Personality Disorder People with this disorder are seldom interested in the feelings of others Many take advantage of others to achieve their own ends Probably less than 1% of adults display narcissistic personality disorder Up to 75% of these are men This type of behavior is common among teenag ers and do not usually lead to adult narcissismHandout 51 How Do Theorists Explain Narcissistic Personality Disorder? Psychodynamic theorists more than others have theorized about this disorder, focusing on cold, rejecting parents Object-relations theorists interpret the grandiose self-presentation as a way for these people to convince themselves that they are self-sufficient and without need of warm relationships In support of this theory, research has give increased risk for developing the disorder among maltreat children and those from divorced families Handout 52 How Do Theorists Explain Narcissistic Personality Disorder?Behavioral and cognitive theorists propose that narcissistic personality disorder may develop when people are treated too positively rather than too negatively in early life Those with the disorder have been taught to overestimate their self-worth In support of this explanation, first-born and only children score higher on measures of narcissism Finally, many sociocultural theorists see a link between narcissistic personality disorder and eras of narcissism in society Handout 53 Treatments for Narcissistic Personality Disorder This disorder is one of the most difficult personality patterns to treatClients who have-to doe with therapists usually do so because of a related disorder, most commonly depression Once in treatment, the individuals may try to manipulate the therapist into supporting their sense of superiority None of the major treatment approaches has had much success Handout 55 Anxious Personality Disorders People with these disorders typically display intent and fearful behavior Although many of the symptoms are similar to those of anxiety and depressive disorders, researchers have found no link up between this cluster and those Axis I diagnoses As with most of the personality disorders, research is limitedBut treatments for this cluster appear to be modestly to moderately helpful Handout 56 Avoidant Personality Disorder Peo ple with avoidant personality disorder are very uncomfortable and restrained in social situations, overwhelmed by feelings of inadequacy, and extremely rude(a) to negative evaluation They believe themselves unappealing or inferior and often have few goal friends Handout 57 Avoidant Personality Disorder The disorder is similar to social phobia, and many people with one disorder experience the other Similarities between the two disorders include a few of humiliation and low self-confidenceA key difference is that people with social phobia mainly fear social circumstances, piece of music people with avoidant personality disorder tend to fear close social relationships Between 1 and 2% of adults have avoidant personality disorder Handout 60 How Do Theorists Explain Avoidant Personality Disorder? Cognitive theorists believe that harsh criticism and rejection in early childhood may lead people to assume that others pull up stakes always judge them harshly In several studies, individua ls reported memories that supported both the psychodynamic and cognitive theoriesHandout 61 Treatments for Avoidant Personality Disorder People with avoidant personality disorder come to therapy seeking acceptance and affection property them in therapy can be challenging because they often begin to avoid sessions A key proletariat of the therapist is to build trust Beyond building trust, therapists tend to treat the disorder as they treat social phobia and anxiety These treatments have had modest success throng and drug therapy may also be useful Handout 62 mutually beneficial Personality Disorder People with dependent personality disorder have a pervasive, excessive need to be taken care ofAs a result, they are clinging and obedient, fearing separation from their loved ones They rely on others so much that they cannot make the smallest decision for themselves The central feature of the disorder is a difficulty with separation Handout 65 How Do Theorists Explain Dependent Person ality Disorder? Behaviorists propose that parents of those with dependent personality disorder unintentionally rewarded their childrens clinging and loyal behavior while punishing acts of independence Alternatively, some parents own dependent behaviors may have served as models for their childrenHandout 68 Treatments for Dependent Personality Disorder Treatment can be at least modestly helpful Psychodynamic therapy focuses on many of the same issues as therapy for people with depression Cognitive therapists try to help clients challenge and change their assumptions of incompetence and helplessness Antidepressant drug therapy has been helpful for those whose disorder is accompanied by depression Group therapy can be helpful because it provides clients an opportunity to receive support from a number of peers and because group members may serve as models for one anotherHandout 70 Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder Between 2 and 5% of the population has this disorder, with white, educated, married, and employed individuals receiving the diagnosis most often Men are twice as likely as women to display the disorder Many clinicians believe that obsessive-compulsive personality disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder (the anxiety disorder) are closely related While the disorders share similar symptoms, researchers have not found a specific link between them Handout 72 How Do Theorists Explain Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder?Freudian theorists suggest that people with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder are anal regressive Because of overly harsh toilet training, people become angry and remain fixated at this stage of psychosexual development To keep their anger under control, they resist both their anger and their instincts to have bowel movements As a result, they become extremely orderly and restrained Handout 77 What Problems Are Posed by the DSM Categories? Some of the diagnostic criteria cannot be observed directly The diagnoses often re ly heavily on the impressions of the individual clinicianSimilarly, clinicians differ widely in their judgments about when a normal personality style crosses the line and deserves to be called a disorder Handout 79 What Problems Are Posed by the DSM Categories? Because of these problems, diagnosticians keep changing the criteria used to assess the personality disorders Further, some theorists believe that the personality disorders actually differ more in degree than in type of dysfunction Some theorists have proposed that the disorders be organized by how severe real key traits are rather than by the presence or absence of specific traits

Quasi-experimental research designs Essay

Introduction A quasi(prenominal) experiment is the kind of experiment that seeks to evaluate conditions in non-profit making organizations. Examples of non-profit making organizations include the Red Cross, YMCA, and The Hospice, among some others (Thyer, 2012).A hospice is a special hospital, mostly sponsored by the government of a country, where the practical, emotional, and medical needs of expiry patients are met. A hospice is the kind of organization where emergency is the norm and is the least among other non-profit making organizations.A number of questions would be viable in this case. For instance, what are the working conditions? Does the station operate 24 hours in a day? But the kind of question that would give more and better cultivation match to research would be how many (dying) people are ministered to in a month? Such a question would give the research party broader perspective in the whole process compared to the others. The kind of selective information that I would gather would most likely dwell on such factors as, employee number, whether all the employees are professionally trained and the budget range. The three nuggets would be the primary areas of data collection considering the depth and width of information they would gather (Thyer, 2012).In the data collection process, it would be prudent to employ the services offered by employees. Therefore, I would use an employee of high proficiency in getting down to the process. This would, most likely promote the eccentric and quantity of the final findings, having in mind the experience of the employee. According to Thyer (2012), limitation would be inevitable, especially in this kind of process. Some of the limitations likely to be faced by employees in the field would involve the season of emergency (uncertainty on when to send an employee), lack of total co-operation from the management and inadequate capital. There are a number of challenges but the above mentioned would be the m ost likely.ReferenceThyer, B. A. (2012).Quasi-experimental research designs. New York Oxford University Press.Source written document

Corrections Timeline

This essay is difference to show the development with four times of the correctional establishment. The four eras that will be discussed with be 1800, 1960, 1980 and 2000. For each era we will go over the description of the holding or monitoring of the wrongdoers, the treatment and punishment of the offenders and the influences of the occurrence era on to twenty-four hour periods correctional system. The conclusion will discuss the most secure era to the correctional system, as well as, recommendations for ways in which the current correctional system could be improved upon.Penitentiary era 1800s With the ideas of The Age of Enlightenment growing in popularity, a unfermented concept of criminal punishment came into play the penitentiary. The penitentiary send-off appeared in 1790 when the Philadelphia Walnut Street remit was expanded to al miserable separate confinement of inmates. The western State Penitentiary was established in Pittsburgh, dad in 1819, as well as the aub urn State Penitentiary in New York. The Auburn State Penitentiary was based on a congregate system.Seeks to redeem offenders through a regular routine of the prison, implementing strict discipline, labor, obedience, and silence. The inmates were held in isolation at night but congregated in figure discloses during the day. They could not spill the beans or look at each other while working or at meals. The work consisted of hard labor, such as the construction of roads or buildings. The inmates had to walk in unison, in a formation known as the lock step. The goal of The Auburn State Penitentiary was to redeem the offender through the well-organized practice of the prison (Clear, Cole, & Reisig, 2009).In 1821 after many years of lobbying from the Philadelphia Society for Alleviating the Miseries of Public Prisons, the papa Legislature approves funding to build the Eastern State Penitentiary. The new prison will hold 250 inmates. In 1829 Masks are fabricated to keep the inmates f rom communicating during rare trips outside their cells. Cells are equipped with feed doors and exclusive exercise yards to prevent contact between inmates, and minimize contact between inmates and guards.In 1839, the County of Chester built its initiative off site jail at Market and New Street in West Chester, Pennsylvania. This social organisation subsequently underwent alteration and additions up until 1941. This Prison was modeled after the Walnut Street jails in Philadelphia the first County institution which was built in 1770. The only differences were the sanitary provisions, beds and heating for each cell. 1862 A cabinet shop is opened in the prison. In the next ten years, the prison will add a enclothe shop, a tailor shop, a wagon factory, and an expansion to the cabinet shop for other furniture and chairs.By 1878, the revenues will be sufficient to allow the prison to run without drawing appropriations from the states treasury. A knitting industry is added in 1893, a twine plant in 1912, a cannery in 1915, a license p of late operation in 1917, a print shop in the early 1920s, and a laundry in 1940. The laundry, license plate, wood and metal furniture, printing and signage, silk-screening, and tailoring operations survive to this day at the prison.Community Era 1960s to 1980. During this era there were lot of Development of behavioral techniques in 1930s and 1940s brought about concept of treatment in prisons. Correctional Facilities. Treatment based on medical model. Individual and group therapy programs evolved. Neurosurgery- Used to control aggressive behavior and destructive urges frontal lobotomies were differentiate of this approach. Sensory deprivation- Denial of stimulation by isolating prisoners in quiet, secluded environment. Aversion therapy- Drugs and/or galvanic shock used to teach prisoner to associate negative behavior with pain and displeasure.Todays Prisons In todays prisons Whites 1229 incarcerated per 100,000 white males in their late 20s. Blacks 10,376 incarcerated per 100,000 black males in their late 20s. the prisons today with the maximum system looks like the high fences/walls of concrete barriers between living sector and outer perimeter, electric perimeters, laser motion detectors, electronic and pneumatic locking systems, metal detectors, X-ray machines and idiot box surveillance. Medium certification prison, Similar in design to maximum security facilities, however, they allow prisoners more freedom.In them, prisoners can usually associate with other prisoners, go to the prison yard, use exercise room/equipment, confabulate the library and take showers and use bathroom facilities with less supervision. Also in the medium security prison they usually afford dormitory style housing. Cells and living quarters pass to have more windows. These facilities tend to have barbed wire fences instead of large stone walls. Last we have the minimum security prisons which Housing tends to be dormi tory style and prisoners usually have freedom of movement within the facility. lend is done under general supervision only. Guards are unarmed, and gun towers do not exist. Fences, if they exist, are low and sometimes unlocked. Counts are usually not taken. Prisoners are sometimes allowed to wear their own clothes. I remember that all the eras had a lot to do with how far we have come in the correctional system today. I would have to say that the way we are running the system today is the best we have had and we will continue to learn and over time will make the system better.

Detterence Essay

Most are binds written by different happy scholars in the criminal fittingice field all weighing in on what they believe the hypothesis of Deterrence is and how it relates to the ability to deflect and or inhibit crime during war time, peace time and shocking situations. In particular I found mavin article to be an astounding work make by a man named Stephen Quackenbush with an article titled General Deterrence and external Conflict exam Perfect Deterrence Theory (2006). Although this article deals with deterrence possible carry through of international conflict it still involves the basal roots of deterrence.I would like to show that with Mr. Quackenbushs work one can seminal fluid very close to a Perfect Theory of Deterrence by simply following the logical system of the article. Deterrence 3 When waiting for the topic it was my goal to find the meaning of deterrence and or the action basis the theory. I wished something with close ties to the relationship of the schoolbookbook we are using in the classroom.The text we are using Volds Theoretical Criminology, 6th ed (Bernard, Snipes, & Gerould, 2010). I found in the article what I needed to relate different aspects of the text to the basic principle behind what S. Quackebush (2006) had theorized about the levels behind deterrence. Not only does his investigate provide information on when and how to implement deterrence it can using up simple math to determine the victor in every situation based on fundamentals of push and shove and force on force comparisons.In order to understand what deterrence was I wanted to find a source to provide a little more(prenominal) input than selective information from the 1800s, as we have learned from Cesare Bonesana (1738-1794) statement concerning the implementation of keeping punishments proportional to the seriousness of the crime so that the cost al ways exceeds the reward (Bernard, Snipes, & Gerould, pg. 14). This is all well and good to und erstand how to set its line of punishment to the crime simply I needed a soften understanding of how it worked and what other factors anyway crime helped to determine severity and what types of deterrence we see in our world today.By looking into Quackenbushs (2006) theory I can micturate a better understanding of the levels of deterrence and the players in the back up. By understanding it better myself and can readily adapt it better in my of life and have a better understanding of why and how it is employ non only on the global level but on every street corner in America. I order to locate the information I was essaying for I followed the link provided in module one under the paper one mental imagery provided by the course administrator.After following the link to the Excelsior Librarys election search page I entered deterrence into the search box and began to look for articles that appealed to me over those that were easier for lack of a better term. Deterrence 4 I did find an article prior to the one by Mr. Quackenbush (2006) but later on careful review I found the course required the article to be from 2000 and up. My article was from the 1930s so that got quickly recycled and I found the article mentioned above.When I have used the library resource in the past I find it is ceaselessly best to find your specialised subject of weigh go to that portion of the library and search using specific terms within the requirements you have for the research to be done. In this case it was easy I had one word to describe my intent to the search box and in return it pulled up many documents. I knew that since mine needed to be a specific format Article I then eliminated all but the required information such(prenominal) as periodicals and journals. Of course a wide variety of reclaimable and some not so useful articles, journals and periodicals popped up.I simply perused through them until I found a few that grabbed my attention. I would then pass on th e journal and briefly read through it to see if it contained the content I wanted or was enkindle in. at a time I found the writing that best fit the work I wanted to research my time was done in the Excelsior Library. While looking through the many choices that were made acquirable to me I quickly looked at content for information that one, machinationd me and two had some rational sense in which I could then understand and use.What is the point of using information that you have no Comprehension of? Once these guidelines were established I look at the key out of references and crossed checked these and the original author through the internet to find any additional information that may have been useful to me. The trick to this as well is to find a resource that has the intent of the message being interpreted and received by the viewer. If I am to do a paper on deterrence what benefit would I gain from a paper on crime rates in Kalamazoo, MI? At this point relevancy to the mea ning of the research is a factor.Another key thing to look for in an article is what add of assure is backed up by fact and how much of it is based on opinion or hearsay? Deterrent 5 A good resource needs to be based on as much proven fact and be backed by additional works to brook for the best use of the material in which you are going to use for your paper. Anyone can find a story on their topic but is it a story or is in that location hard evidence to back it up?I believe my methods of evaluation are probably a bit more stringent than those described in the library resource. I tend to be a stickler for what I want to use for any form of writing in order to try to get my point across as best as possible. The library resources are abundant with useful information though. Do not think I am discrediting then because that would be far from the truth. As a new assimilator when I outset leashted my Undergraduates Degree I used all the resources available to me especially the lib rary.The article I chose to introduce to compliment Chapter twos lesson on deterrence is an article called General Deterrence and International Conflict Testing Perfect Deterrence Theory, by Stephen L. Quackenbush (2006). When I first began to read the article it intrigue my because it deals not just with the cause and yield of deterrence but the quantative measure of it as if it is and has always been a scientific fact of life. It begins by stating deterrence is the use of a threat (explicit or not) by one party in attempt to convince another party not to upset the status quo (Quackenbush, S.L. 2006). It breaks it good deal into two purposes which are direct and e yearnate deterrence. One is immediate and used primarily as a means of prevention or attack on a shielder, while the other is meant to deter a normal population. Along with this are two types of situations that are created by deterrence. The first is immediate and is targeted toward a specific competition and genera l which is all encompassing of a group (Quackenbush, S. L. 2006). Deterrent 6Inside these purposes are different categories to describe different events of deterrence to include direct immediate deterrence, direct general deterrence, extended immediate deterrence and extended general deterrence (Quackenbush, S. L. 2006). These are considered different strategies based on your position. In this article the author chose to focus primarily on direct general deterrence to prove his theory of the perfect deterrence. At many times Dr. Quackenbush (2006) speaks in term of deterrence being that of a game. I entrust describe the way that I understand his game based n the article as it delves deep into mathematical equations that do make sense but are a long way to describe it how I will. As discussed before there are and have to always be two sides when we speak of deterrence. In the case of the article they are known as Challenger and Defender. In this game there are choices to be made and depending on the choice each side makes will determine whether you are the defender or the challenger. Think of it if you will like a national game of chess depending on how you chose to play your fix will either make you the aggressor or guide you making defensive moves to get out of harms way.Earlier it was discussed that deterrence is simply used to bring one party back to the status quo or the normal. Being the defender or challenger and based on the decisions you make will put you into one of two places. You will either be the defender, come back to the status quo or you will retaliate (becoming the challenger) and move into conflict and vice versa. ground on this Dr. Quackenbush (2006) has established that no matter where we are even in peace times there will always be a direct general deterrence. The shift from this happens when one side moves their piece one way or another.The understanding of deterrence in this article is based on a state to state or nation to nation of fensive and defensive. We typically are discussing criminal activities of general population during this course but I do have a way to show just how much it looks like the national scale of deterrence within our precincts and our cities. Deterrence 7 One of the ways it can be shown that Dr.Quackenbushs (2006) Theory of the perfect deterrence being present in our text is to compare just a few similarities in which he based his work on. One of the first few terms that come to mind is deterrence decay and residual deterrence. If compared to the though t of a continual deterrence as suggested by Dr. Quackenbush then you can consider these the effects of a bank check being put into place. This would happen in three stages the initial obstructor, the stoppage decay and what would be left(p) would be the residual deterrence. By showing that there are different levels and or stages of deterrence at any given ime then we can validate the Theory of Perfect Deterrence as proposed by Dr. Qu ackenbush (2006). By knowing the challenger to defender relationship it can compare to local law enforcement against drugs, crime, gangs and the list goes on. At times the law enforcement agencies are the challenger and the criminals are the defender. Those roles do reverse and local governing have come under attack many times before. By understanding that there is always some type of ongoing deterrence whether perceived or intentional the challenger and or the defender will plan accordingly.The threat of going to jail for a crime is a constant deterrent for most. At times though there are those that weigh the benefit to the loss and chose to defy the deterrent sometimes they get away with it and sometimes they dont. It is knowing that there is a consequence for your action that keeps most on the straight and narrow. A perceived deterrent would be a shining star in proof of constant deterrence theory. Based on past experiences people will class a perceived notion of punishment for an offense. The deterrent had been initiated long ago yet the residual effect of it remains.